Pulse Forms
In addition to the frequency, the actual pulse width for each individual pulse is crucial in order to obtain sufficient energy transfer into the body. Let us look at the basic different waveforms used in PEMF devices.

Sine wave
Square wave
Triangle wave
Sawtooth wave
All PEMF devices utilize one or more of these waveforms or a combination of them, in order to transfer the pulsed electromagnetic energy into the body.
The mathematician Joseph Fourier discovered that sinusoidal waves are the actual basic "building blocks" that make up nearly all other periodic waveforms, including square waves, triangle waves and sawtooth waves!
Even the irregular sound waves of human speech are made up of sine waves. The human ear is able to recognize single sine waves because these sine wave sounds are pure. Other examples of clean sine wave sounds are the vibrations of a crystal glass or a tuning fork.
The human ear will hear "noisy" sounds if the sound contains more than one sine wave, also called "harmonics". See later on this subject later, on the "Electrosmog" page.
The easiest way to use any of the above waveforms is to apply one of them directly as pulsing frequency for the pulsed magnetic field device. This method is commonly used in battery powered and other low intensity devices. By using only one of these waves, there is no need to apply any other technology other than simply changing the amount of waves applied during each second (this directly corresponds with the pulsing frequency). This method almost guarantees non-efficient application of PEMF.
We will now take a closer look at the differences between the basic wave forms, and the way the pulse repetition rate is utilized to create the actual pulsing frequency, as basis for the frequency specifications.
Let us start with an example: When we open a tap to fill a kettle with water, the time it takes to fill the kettle depends directly on the water pressure and the time we keep the tap open. If we open the tap just a little bit, it will take much longer to fill the kettle. We are actually looking at two completely different things (time and pressure), which together account for the final result.
Correctly designed PEMF devices do exactly the same: during the time the pulse is applied (opening the tap) the electromagnetic energy is emitted. Depending on the basic waveform used (the water pressure), this directly results in the quantity of the magnetic energy applied and is one of the critical issues for the efficacy of the device.
Conclusion: The amount of times we open the water tap each second is similar to the pulsing frequency, and the water pressure is similar to the amount of energy emitted.
In addition, the efficacy of the device not only depends on the amount of energy transferred into the body, but also on the waveform applied during the individual pulses. The waveform reflects the ability to absorb the energy inside the body, and the efficacy of the device is highly dependent on which waveforms are used in combination with the pulsed frequencies.
There are manufacturers who claim that their waveforms are more effective while at the same time contradicting their own statements. More on this subject on another page. The Curatron PEMF devices use the best possible "building blocks" during each individual pulse (this is not the pulsed frequency!) and this is of course the pure sinus wave form.

Here we see a basic sine wave signal form. Because we want to utilize the signal to the full extent, we "rectify" the negative part of the signal and obtain a so called rectified sine wave signal as can be seen at the right side of the picture.
The Curatron PEMF devices use "packages" of the rectified sine wave signals during each individual pulse. The "packed" specific quantities of these rectified sine wave signals inside each pulse exploit this technology to change the energy transferred during each pulse (see the Intensity page). Of course this technology requires extensive knowledge not only in electronics hardware, but in addition in software programming, which is extensively available at our company.